Computer Vision News - January 2021

AI for Medical Imaging 12 Urology and Imaging The field of urology encompasses a wide variety of diseases that inflict the urinary-tract system , including the kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra. It also encompasses diseases that solely impact the male reproductive organs in general , and the prostate gland in particular. People of all ages are inflicted with urological diseases, ranging from life threatening cancers to noncancerous health problems, such as benign prostate hyperplasia or kidney stones. In recent years, medical imaging has come to play a central and essential role in both the diagnosis and the treatment of diseases in the field of urology. Awide variety of imaging techniques are used in order to accurately diagnose and treat patients suffering from urological diseases, including but not limited to microscopy, US, X-ray, CT and MRI. Image Analysis and AI The increase in multipurpose and multimodal imaging techniques has amplified the need for quick and accurate image analysis and artificial intelligence tools. These tools are developed and used in order to effectively assist urologists in decision making, while increasing accuracy and reducing the time and cost spent in the process. • such as image segmentation and abnormality detection are used for locating and grading tumors. • Biopsy and treatment - during interventional procedures, tools such as 3D reconstruction, motion estimation, and action recognition are used for assisted navigation and robotic guidance. • Treatment assessment - tools similar to those used during diagnosis are used in order to assess the patient’s response to treatment . Challenges and Solutions Image processing and AI pose many challenges in urology. Following are two significant challenges relating to treatment of prostate cancer that have been tackled by RSIP Vision: • Image fusion - In some cases, such as MRI-targeted-ultrasound- guided biopsies of prostate tumors, multimodal imaging techniques are used simultaneously. While MRI delivers high resolution images, its scanner time is limited, expensive and requires special tools. As a result, these prostate biopsies use The challenges of image analysis and AI in urology Image analysis and AI play important roles throughout the entire process: • A c c u r a t e diagnosis - tools Ilya Kolver